INTRODUCTION
Me in
1943 aged fourteen
WW2 in Europe started on 3 September 1939 when I was ten years old and lasted until 8 May 1945 (VE Day) when I was sixteen years old. I was a schoolboy during those war years and did not serve in the armed forces. These pages contain my recollections of the things that had the greatest impact on my life during this time -- and which remain most vivid in my memory.
I grew up in a lower middle class working family that
successfully survived the difficult years of the 1930s
due to the hard work and sacrifices of my mother and
father. We lived frugally but well and I had a very
happy childhood. We had one major family holiday in the
summer of each year and the destination was usually the
Lancashire seaside resort of Blackpool. I have mostly
fond memories of the late 1930s -- there was talk that
the depression was just about over and there were
carefree films playing in the cinemas -- Bing Crosby
(Pennies from Heaven), Fred Astair and Ginger Rogers
(Top Hat), Shirley Temple, Laurel and Hardy, Buck Jones
and Ken Maynard (Mickey Mouse club on Saturday
mornings). I didn't really understand all of the
international events that began to dominate the news in
the late 1930s, but it seemed that we heard more and
more about Adolph Hitler and his Nazi Party in Germany
with the passing years. By 1938 it was evident that
Hitler would be unrelenting in his pursuit of
European/World domination and 1939 was ushered in with
a sense of foreboding. The Government and most
individuals spent much of that year preparing mentally
and physically for the war that it seemed only a
miracle could avert.
By this time, few people doubted that we had better be ready. The government issued a series of leaflets to each household the first of which provided an overview of Civil Defence and covered Air Raid Precautions (ARP) in general including use of air raid shelters and gas masks. Other leaflets in the series covered:
- YOUR GAS MASK - MASKING YOUR WINDOWS -- preparing for Gas attacks and the Blackout
- EVACUATION WHY AND HOW? -- outline of the scheme
- YOUR FOOD IN WAR-TIME -- blueprint for the rationing system
- FIRE PRECAUTIONS IN WAR TIME -- preparing for incendiary bomb raids
An Identity Card system for all civilians was implemented as soon as the war started. Compulsory registration of all citizens and issuance of Identity Cards was required by the National Registration Act of 5 September 1939.
This Act set up a national register, containing details of all citizens:
- 1. Names (surname, christian name, initials)
- 2. Sex
- 3. Age
- 4. Occupation, profession, trade or employment
- 5. Residence (postal address, City/Town, County)
- 6. Marital status
- 7. Armed Forces Reserve/Auxiliary Forces/Civil Defence status

Identity Card
for over 16 years of age civilians (circa 1943) --
front and back -- issued under the National
Registration Act of 1939
The data was used by the Government to track the huge numbers of persons who were dislocated due to mass evacuation/essential employment relocation and to provide information essential to implementation of Food Rationing. The compilation of the register data was entrusted to Government registrars in conjunction with local authorities who were responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information. Each registrant was issued an identity card which contained the holder's registration number, full name(s) and current address. Changes of address had to be recorded by the local registrar. All identity card entries had to be verified and certified (stamped) by a registrar. Identity Cards had to be carried on the person at all times to provide proof of residency and had to be produced on demand by any uniformed Police Officer or member of the Armed Forces/Home Guard on duty.
Britain declared war on Nazi Germany on Sunday, 3 September, 1939 after its invasion of Poland on 1 September. I found out about it from a Railway crossing Signal Box man as I was walking home from Sunday School. I hurried home and found my mother distressed at the news I found so exciting -- she was worried it was going to be like the Great War (WW1) all over again with all the young men going off to join the army to fight in France.